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Most programming models support event-driven programming only through inversion of control. Instead of calling blocking operations (e.g. for obtaining user input), a program merely registers its interest to be resumed on certain events (e.g. an event signaling a pressed button, or changed contents of a text eld). In the process, event handlers are installed in the execution environment which are called when certain events occur. The program never calls these event handlers itself. Instead, the execution environment dispatches events to the installed handlers. Thus, control over the execution of program logic is
Virtually all approaches based on inversion of control suer from the following two problems: First, the interactive logic of a program is fragmented across multiple event handlers (or classes, as in the state design pattern [13]). Second, control ow among handlers is expressed implicitly through manipulation of shared state [10].
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